@article{oai:kpu.repo.nii.ac.jp:00005063,
 author = {宮田, 善雄 and Miyata, Yoshio},
 journal = {京都府立大學學術報告. 農學, The scientific reports of Kyoto Prefectural University. Agriculture},
 month = {Nov},
 note = {一般に疫病菌(Phytophthora)の遊走子嚢から遊走子が放出される間接発芽は, その原動力が膨圧によると考えられている。しかし, 遊走子塊がすべて放出された後でも, 残存する顆粒が引続き放出される現象が観察されるなど, 膨圧説には納得できない面がある。その上, グルコースやサッカロースと異なり, 代謝されにくい糖であるソルビットや2-デオキシグルコースの場合, 明らかに高張液中において遊走子の放出が認められ, 膨圧説の根拠にも疑問を生じた。また, 各種代謝阻害剤を用いた実験から, 間接発芽は新たなmRNAによるたんぱく合成と多量の呼吸エネルギー消費を伴なう活発な細胞活動であることが予想され, かつ, 微小管阻害剤, とくにビンブラスチン阻害を強く受けることから, 微小管の関与も考えられた。実際, 走査型および透過型電子顕微鏡観察により, 遊走子嚢細胞壁内面と遊走子細胞膜との間に微小管ないしはその関連構造からなると思われる紐状網目構造体の存在が認められ, さらに, ブタ脳たんぱくのチューブリン分画を抗原としたFITC螢光抗体法により, それらの構造体の存在する位置に強い螢光を確認できた。以上のことより, 遊走子嚢の間接発芽には微小管メカノケミカル系が関与している可能性が高いと思われる。, The motive forces of the indirect germination (the zoospore release from the zoosporangium) in Phytophthora is commonly explained by the turgor pressure generated in the sporangial cell. One of the most powerful evidences for this hypothesis is the perfect supression of the germination in the hypertonic solutions of some carbohydrates, such as glucose, fructose, saccharose and so on. But there were a few phenomena not to be easily explained by the hypothesis under the optical microscopic observations. For example, the small particles remained in the sporangial cell were continuously discharged after the indirect germination of the zoosporangium. As another mechanisms were presumed to operate in the zoospore release from the sporangium, several experiments were carried out in the physiological and morphological manners. Several results obtained against the turgor pressure are as follows : (1). Zoospores were fairly able to release in the hypertonic solutions of the non-or hardly metabolizable carbohydrates, such as mannitol, sorbitol, 2-deoxy-glucose and so on. (2). Aditionally, the experiments with the metabolic inhibitors, such as actinomycin D (a mRNA synthetic inhibitor), cycloheximide (a protein synthetic one), antimycin, origomycin, 2,4-DNP (respiratory ones) suggested that the activation of the cell metabolism with the new mRNA-dependent protein synthesis and the high ATP consumption, was necessary to the zoospore release from the sporangium. (3). Binblastin (a microtubule inhibitor, 100μg/ml) inhibited perfectly the zoospore release from the zoosporangium. (4). Microtubule-like structures and their bundles were also observed in the lateral cleavages (the sections between the inner surface of the cell wall and the cytoplast of the sporangium) by the electron microscopy. (5). The fluorescent light was detected around the zoospore clod and the inner surface of the sporangial wall by the fluorescent-antibody technique. The tubulin fractions of the PMSG buffer soluble proteins of pig brain were used as the antigens. The existence of the microtubule or the related structures was probably indicated at the fluolescent positions. The results possibly suggest that the mechanochemical forces of the microtubule systems is concerned to the zoospore release from the sporangium of this fungus.},
 pages = {16--31},
 title = {Phytophthora capsici の遊走子嚢における遊走子放出の原動力としての微小管の関与(農学部門)},
 volume = {33},
 year = {1981},
 yomi = {ミヤタ, ヨシオ}
}