@article{oai:kpu.repo.nii.ac.jp:00005048,
 author = {福山, 萬治郎 and Fukuyama, Manjiro and 浦上, 弘幸 and Urakami, Hiroyuki and 飯田, 生穂 and Iida, Ikuho},
 journal = {京都府立大學學術報告. 農學, The scientific reports of Kyoto Prefectural University. Agriculture},
 month = {Nov},
 note = {前報の検討をも含め, 飽水木材中における2価電解質の拡散速度を明らかにするために, 濃度0.5mol/ιの2価電解質7種と比較のために用いた1価電解質1種について(Table 1), 20&acd;50℃の条件下でスギの長軸(L)方向と半径(R)方向の拡散係数を測定した。測定装置や測定方法は前報のそれと全く同様で, 測定には直径5.0cm, 厚さ1.0cm(L-方向の拡散)および0.2cm(R-方向の拡散)の円板形の心材試片を用いた。得られた結果は次のとおりである。(1)木材組織に起因しての拡散係数の変動はNH_4Cl, Na_2SO_4,CuSO_4のL, R両方向, Li_2SO_4,Cu(NO_3)_2のL-方向ならびに(NH_4)_2SO_4,CuCl_2のR-方向において顕著であった(Table 2)。(2)拡散係数の対数と絶対温度の逆数をプロットした場合, 各電解質, 拡散方向いずれの場合も直線関係が得られた(Fig.3)。(3) 25℃の水中における2価電解質の拡散係数(Dwater)と同温度の木材中におけるそれ(Dwood), ならびにDwoodと25℃の水中における陰, 陽イオンの拡散係数(Dion)との間にはいずれの場合も直線関係が得られた(Fig. 4,Fig. 5)。(4)スギ飽水木材中における2価電解質の拡散速度は拡散通路の毛管径に支配されるが, 拡散分子やイオンは飽水木材中を水中における場合とほぼ同様な挙動で拡散することが推測された。(5) DwoodをDwaterに比較すると, NH_4ClはL-方向で水中のそれの約1/4.6,R-方向で約1/103,2価電解質のそれはそれぞれ平均約1/8.8ならびに平均約1/368であり, 特に2価電解質のR-方向における拡散の困難なことが認められた(Table 3,Table 4)。(6)拡散の活性化エネルギー(E)や平均の温度係数(Q_<10>)には拡散方向ならびに電解質の種類による差異がなく(Table 5), Eは水中のそれの1.6&acd;1.9倍に達した。このことから有縁壁孔や仮道管壁内の一時毛管が両者の値に関係することが推測された。, In the previous paper some considerations were made on diffusion processes of the bivalent electrolytes through the water-saturated wood. Successively in order to discuss fully phenomena in this process, the differences in diffusion rates of the bivalent electrolytes through wood saturated with water have been investigated in the longitudinal (L) and radial (R) directions of Sugi wood (Cryptomeria japonica D. DON) using seven kinds of the bivalent electrolytes and one of the univalent electrolyte for a comparison (Table 1) at a concentration of 0.5mol/ι over the temperature range of 20&acd;50℃. The apparatus and the experimental procedure used for the measurement of diffusion rate were the same as those described in the previous report. The test specimens were the disks having the sizes of 5.0cm in diameter, and 1.0cm (for longitudinal (L) diffusion) or 0.2cm (for radial (R) diffusion) in thickness, which were prepared from green blocks of Sugi-heartwood. The results obtained are as follows : (1) The variations of the diffusion coefficient dependent on wood structure were especially remarkable in Li_2SO_4 and Cu (NO_3)_2 for L-direction, in (NH_4)_2SO_4 and CuCl_2 for R-direction and in NH_4Cl, Na_2SO_4 and CuSO_4 for both directions (Table 2). (2) The relationship between the logarithm of diffusion coefficient and the reciprocal of absolute temperature gave the straight line for all kinds of electrolytes used and for both L-and R-direction (Fig. 3). (3) The relationship between the diffusion coefficient of the bivalent electrolytes in the watersaturated wood at 25℃ (Dwood) and that of the electrolytes in water at the same temperature (Dwater) was linear, and also the relation between Dwood and the diffusion coefficient of positive and negative ions in water at 25℃ (Dion) showed the straight line in all cases (Fig. 4,Fig. 5). (4) Although the diffusion rates of the bivalent electrolytes through the water-saturated Sugi wood depend upon the diameters of capillaries in the passages of diffusion, assumedly the molecules or ions diffuse with the behavior similar to that in water for the diffusion in the water-saturated wood. (5) The ratio of the diffusion coefficient of electrolytes through wood (Dwood) to that in water (Dwater) was about 1/4.6 in L-direction, and about 1/103 in R-direction for NH_4Cl, and that for bivalent electrolytes was about 1/8.8 in L-direction and about 1/368 in R-direction in average. It was recognized from these facts that the diffusion in R-direction for bivalent electrolytes was difficult (Table 3,Table 4). (6) The apparent activation energy (E) and the mean temperature coefficient (Q_<10>) in the diffusion process of the bivalent electrolytes were independent of diffusion directions and kinds of electrolytes (Table 5), and the ratio of the activation energy in wood to that in water was the value of 1.6 to 1.9. It was assumed from these facts that the transient capillaries existing in cell wall of tracheid and the bordered pit contributed to E and Q_<10>.},
 pages = {101--109},
 title = {飽水木材中の溶質拡散 IV : (4) 2 価電解質の拡散速度について(林学部門)},
 volume = {32},
 year = {1980},
 yomi = {フクヤマ, マンジロウ and ウラカミ, ヒロユキ and イイダ, イクホ}
}